business communication

BAB 11 : MENULIS DAN MELENGKAPKAN PENULISAN LAPORAN DAN KERTAS KERJA

Reports and Proposals

• Long Message Formats
• Effective Visual Support.

Adapting to the Audience

• Sensitivity to Needs
• The “You” Attitude
• Business Etiquette
• Positive Attitude
• Bias-Free Language

Composing Reports and proposals 

• Effective Words
• Strong Sentences
• Coherent Paragraphs

Introductory Section

• Report Context
• Subject/Purpose
• Main Ideas
• Overall Tone

The Body Section

• Present
• Analyze
• Interpret
• Support

The Closing Section

• Stress Main Points
• Summarize Benefits
• Reinforce Structure
• Group Action Items

Report Introduction

• Authorization
• Problem 
• Purpose
• Scope
• Background
• Sources 
• Methods
• Definitions
• Limitations
• Organization

The Report Body

• Explanations
• Evidence 
• Results
• Analyses
• Procedures
• Methods 
• Criteria
• Conclusions
• Recommendations
• Support

The Report Closing

• Key-Item Summary
• Conclusions 
• Recommendations
• Action Plans

Strategies for Successful Proposals

• Knowledge/Expertise
• Competitive Research
• The “You” Attitude
• Concrete Examples
• Feasible Proposal
• Attractive Packaging

Proposal Introduction

• Background
• Solution
• Delimitations
• Organization

Body of Proposal

• Proposed Solution
• Work Plan
• Qualifications
• Detailed Cost

Closing of Proposal

• Summarize Key Points
• Emphasize Benefits
• Restate Qualifications
• Obtain Commitment

Applying Technology

• Templates
• Linked Files
• Embedded Documents

Effective Visuals in Reports

1. Bring Your Message to Life
2. Connect With Your Readers
3. Enhance Textual Messages
4. Attract and Hold Attention

5 C’s of Visual Design

1. clear
2. complete
3. concise
4. connected
5. compelling